2-Personal il consider pe Hannibal pericolul nr 1 al Romei .
3-A reusit sa aduca Roma la un pas de distrugere si dintr-un motiv neclar nu a atacat decisiv!
4-Este un articol copiat !
5-ISTORIA RAMANE CEA MAI FRUMOASA POVESTE PENTRU OAMENI INTELIGENTI !
HANNIBAL’S LIFE AFTER THE DEFEAT OF CARTHAGE!
Hannibal Barca, a household name, the father of strategy, generally considered to be one of the best commanders to have ever walked the Earth! But what happened to Hannibal after the Romans defeated Carthage at the battle of Zama? Statesman, admiral, fugitive, architect! an illustrious eastern adventure to rival his exploits in Italy.
After the defeat of Carthage at the battle of Zama, Hannibal was still only 43 years old. Carthage had lost its empire but still continued as a free state under the flimsy peace treaty with Rome in order to pay the eye watering war indemnity to the Roman victors. Instead of resting on his laurels and retiring, Hannibal began his political career. His popularity with the people meant he was soon elected to the role of chief magistrate. The Carthaginian oligarchy of power had become corrupt and it wasn’t long before Hannibal set about making changes to restore the electoral system of government. Hannibal’s reforms were so effective that the war indemnity to Rome could be paid in installments without any extraordinary additional taxation of the population. His popularity made the oligarchy jealous and they even brought charges against him of betraying the interests of Carthage by not taking Rome while he had the chance. Hannibal used his popular support to reform the oligarchy, stipulating that they be elected by vote and not co-opted, also that the term of office be a maximum of two years instead of life.
It wasn’t long before Rome grew anxious of Hannibals growing power and Carthaginian renewed prosperity. Only seven years after the war had ended, Rome demanded that Carthage surrender Hannibal. As a result, Hannibal chose to go into exile and his extraordinary life in the East began with a visit to the Carthaginian motherland in Phoenicia. Carthage began as a colony of the rich Phoenician island of Tyre and although it’s reported Hannibal visited, he did not stay long.
Hannibal set off for Antioch to offer his services to the most powerful man in the East at the time. King Antiochs III of the Selucid empire. Here Hannibal attended lectures by the philosopher Phormio as he was accustomed to speak and even write in Greek himself. Antiochus III was eager to meet with the Carthaginian fugitive and quiz him on his experience fighting the Romans. He showed Hannibal his massive and elaborately equipped army he had assembled to invade Greece and asked if it would be a match for the Romans, Hannibal replied
“I think all this will be enough, yes quite enough, even though they are most avaricious”
He then went on to visit Ephesus where he further surveyed the invasion force assembled by Antiochus. Upon further inspection Hannibal felt that the King’s army was no match for the Romans. He advised the king to build a fleet and offered his services to command the force and land in the south of Italy to renew his life’s oath of conflict with Rome. Antiochus did not trust Hannibal enough to let him take command of his army but he did allow him to become admiral of a small fleet of ships.
In 190bc at the river Eurymedon off the Anatolian coast, the Seleucid fleet made war on the Navy of the city of Rhodes who had allied themselves with Rome. Hannibal commanded the left wing of the Seleucid fleet sent to relive the blockaded Armada of a Seleucid admiral stuck in the port of Ephesus. The two armadas met at the river Eurymedon and Hannibal succeeded in hemming in the the Rhodian wing but the Seleucid right wing gave way. Outnumbered, Hannibal had no choice but to flee. Unhappy at Hannibal fleeing battle, Antiochus wasn’t best pleased. Hannibal had to yet again move on lest he be handed over to the Romans as a bargaining chip. He fled to the island of Crete for a time but it wasn’t long before he returned to Asia minor at the bequest of another Hellenic king.
Hannibal made his way from Crete to the court of yet another Hellenic King, Prusias I of Bithynia. At this time Prusias was engaged in a conflict with the Roman puppet King Eumenes II of Perganom. Hannibal willingly served Prusias in this Greek conflict. During one of the naval engagements between these rivals, Hannibal had snakes loaded into pots and launched into the enemy ships causing chaos that won him victory and fame. Hannibal also went on to defeat Eumenes in two other battles on land until the Romans intervened and threatened Prusias into giving up Hannibal.
Hannibal, on the run from the Romans, fled to Armenia in a bid to escape their reach. He arrived at the court of Artaxias I ruler of Armenia where he struck up a friendship with Artaxias. So much so that Artaxias had employed Hannibal in planning and supervising the building of the new Royal capital city of Armenia at Artaxata. Though it wasn’t long before he would be drawn back to Asia Minor to meet his destiny with the Romans.
The precise year and circumstances of Hannibals death are uncertain but it would seem the Romans finally caught up with him. Perhaps he was sold out by one of the many local puppets keen to curry favour with Rome. Upon realising his time was up, Hannibal took poison that he kept in a ring for this eventuality, robbing the Romans of capturing him alive and parading him through the streets of Rome. Before dying he left a note saying
” Let us relieve the Romans from their anxiety they have so long experienced, since they think it tries their patience too much to wait for an old man’s death! “
In this final act Hannibal defeated the Romans one last time, ending what could be considered the most remarkable story of defiance in history. There are many stories told about Hannibal’s war in Italy but not so many told about his exploits after the Punic war. In many ways he was never truly defeated by Rome but went on defiantly until his last breath.
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